국가 및 지방재정의 성인지예산 분석ㆍ평가사업(Ⅳ)

Analysis and Evaluation of Gender Budgeting in Korea(Ⅳ)

1. 연구 개요 □ 연구목적 및 필요성 ○ 성인지예산제도의 장기적 계획을 수립한다는 것은 제도의 현재위치를 파악하고 제도의 발전을 위한 단계별 발전전략을 수립하는 것을 의미함. 그동안 제도 운영의 중장기 계획이 존재하지 않음으로 인해 대상사업 선정, 집행, 점검에 있어 형식적으로 운영되고 있는 부분들이 있었음 ○ 제도 시행 5년을 평가한 결과, 매년 그 시점에 발생하게 되는 이슈의 일부를 개선하는 방안을 제시하는 것 뿐만 아니라 성인지예산제도 운영의 중장기로드맵을 수립하여 제도가 지속적으로 발전할 수 있는 전략방안 모색이 필요함 ○ 성인지예산제도의 중장기 로드맵을 수립하는 과정은 제도의 발전단계와 현재위치를 파악하고 향후 발전적으로 제도가 정착될 수 있는 단계별 과정 및 목표 등을 수립하는 과정을 모두 포함해야 함. 이러한 중장기 로드맵은 향후 제도를 지속적으로 파악하고 평가할 수 있는 중요한 좌표일 뿐만 아니라 단계별로 제도가 발전하기 위한 연구주제를 제시한다고도 볼 수 있음 ○ 그러므로 본 연구는 국가 성인지예산제도의 중장기 로드맵을 수립하여 제도가 중ㆍ장기적으로 발전할 수 있는 전략방안을 모색하고, 최초의 전국 지방자치단체 공무원 의견조사를 통해 성인지예산제도의 현안을 진단하여 개선방안을 도출하였음. 아울러 성인지예산제도가 경제발전경험 공유사업(Knowledge Sharing Program, 이하 KSP라 한다)의 일환으로 수행되는 모듈화사업 및 국가정책자문사업의 대상과제로 선택될 수 있는 가능성을 탐색하고, 추후 국가정책자문사업으로 선택될 경우 고려해야 할 사항을 점검하였음

This research paper aims to analyze and evaluate gender budgeting as a whole. It is the fourth-year research in a series of research that started in 2011, based on the mid-to long-term roadmap, and it is also the final research paper in the comprehensive research project. This research paper is made up of three parts, and Part 1 covers research on how to improve gender budgeting. We develop a mid-to long-term roadmap that seeks strategies to improve the system long-term (Chapter Ⅱ). Not only is a mid-to long-term roadmap an important resource to evaluate gender budgeting in the future, but it also suggests research topics for each step that will help develop the system. 'Analysis of Public Officials' Opinion on Gender Budgeting' measures the effectiveness of gender budgeting and also focuses on the need to measure costs such as fatigue felt by the officials in charge of drawing up the gender budget statement and the opportunity costs. At the same time, we design a research format that can develop into panel surveys in the future (Chapter Ⅲ). In Part 2, we discuss the first 'Survey of Officials on Drafting Gender Budget Statements and Statement of Accounts at the Local Government Level' conducted for the successful implementation of gender budgeting at the local government level (Chapter Ⅳ). Part 3 is about gender budgeting in other countries, specifically the Philippines and Malaysia. Based on the results, we explore whether gender budgeting could be chosen as a project for KSP modularization and the national policy consultation project, and what needs to be taken into account if it's chosen for the national policy consultation project (Chapter Ⅴ). The research results showed the following. First, we searched for strategies for gender budgeting to improve long-term, by developing a mid-to long-term roadmap. The roadmap consists of the following parts: objective for each development stage, detailed projects, and action plans. We concluded that this is an important tool to examine and evaluate the system in the future, and also are the research topics to be explored in order to improve the system. For the mid-to long-term roadmap developed in this research paper to be put in action and to be evaluated, much has to be preceded. In advance, we need a system that will inspect how the roadmap is being put into action and being evaluated. In addition, from the detailed projects, interested parties should be aware of projects that are lacking and aim to improve those parts through discussion. To be specific, they need to be discussed at a permanent consultative group, which must have legal binding force. Secondly, we conducted 'Survey of Public Officials' Opinions on Gender Budgeting' and drew policy implications. It showed that there was a positive change in perception of gender equality and gender budgeting after drafting a gender statement and statement of accounts and also in actions taking gender equality into consideration in the budgeting and settlement process. When we surveyed the cost per monetary unit and WTP (willingness to pay) of the officials in charge of drafting budget statements and settlements of accounts, the estimation for 77% of all respondents was smaller than 0. This can be interpreted as there being a high percentage of officials who feel that drafting a gender budget statement and settlement of accounts is an additional workload. The survey on how to tackle issues of improvement revealed that most preferred a more voluntary direction over a forced one. Policy tasks relating to surveys of public officials are strengthening the binding power of the surveys and notifying the permanent consultative group. Thirdly, we analyzed local public officials' drafting of gender budget statements and settlements of accounts and drew policy implications. In general, it showed that the level of awareness of gender budgeting, agreement with the purpose, acceptability, perception of the importance were highe