여성폭력 예방체계의 통합적 구축방안

A Measure for the Creation of an Integrated System for Prevention of Violence against Women

Ⅰ. 서 론 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 □ 최근 여성안전 관련 정책대안들은 폭력 가해자 처벌위주의 사후적 대책위주로 되어 있다. 그러나 여성에 대한 폭력을 감소하기 위해서는 사후적 대책에서 사전적 예방체제로 정책기조가 전환되어야 한다는 요구가 높으며 이에 대한 정책적 대안이 필요하다. □ 폭력예방교육이 법적으로 의무화되기 시작한 지난 몇 년간 우리나라의 예방교육을 위한 법률적 및 제도적 기반이 마련되고 실행되기 시작하였다. 이를 통해 여성에 대한 폭력감소를 위한 사전적 예방체계로의 의미 있는 변화가 이루어지는 분기점이 되었다. □ 이 연구의 목적은 폭력예방교육이 의무화되기 시작한 현 시점에서 폭력예방 교육의 정책현황과 전반적인 실태를 파악하는데 있다. 이에 따라 현재의 여성 폭력예방 체계를 점검하고, 이를 바탕으로 문제점 및 보완점에 대해 살펴보았다. 2. 연구내용 □ 이 연구에서는 폭력예방체계의 가장 기본이 되는 요소로서 폭력예방교육에 초점을 맞추었다. 각 장의 내용은 다음과 같다. ○ Ⅱ장 연구 배경 및 선행연구에서는 폭력현황에 대한 국제비교를 통해 한국사회의 가정 폭력에 대한 인식 수준을 알아보고자 한다. 이를 위해 세계가 치관조사(World Value Survey)를 활용하였다. 이와 더불어 폭력예방 예방체계에 대한 이론적인 연구동향에 대해 생애주기별로 대상을 나누어 아동, 청소년, 일반시민을 대상으로 이루어지는 폭력예방교육과 그 효과성에 대해 검토하였다.

The purpose of this study is to identify the policies and overall status of the currently ongoing violence prevention education in Korea. This study takes place at a time when such education is being made mandatory in the nation. Consequently, the study has investigated the current violence prevention system and has examined issues and areas of improvement for the system. For the investigation, various scholastic journals and publications, both in Korea and abroad, that focus on prevention education for violence against women have been examined in detail. Additionally, through an international comparison analysis, the study has analyzed the present condition of violence in the Korean society along with public awareness of safety. Moreover, an analysis of education effectiveness for receivers of mandatory violence prevention education was conducted. Then, Focus Group Interviews (FGI) and in-depth interviews were administered to those in charge of the education. With the analysis and interviews, the study looked into issues facing the currently on-going violence prevention education and also searched for improvement measures. Furthermore, the study held two advisory meetings with the researchers who have researched on the violence prevention system. In those meetings, the following were discussed: 1) overall process of violence prevention education, 2) issues and improvement measures for nurturing of educators on violence prevention, and 3) facilitation of violence prevention education in areas outside the metroplex. The study results are as follows. First, the 2005-2006 World Value Survey was used to compare the violence tolerance of Korea with that of other nations. Korea ranked 23rd and showed to have a relatively high tolerance rate of violence. Gender-wise, Korean males ranked 23rd while their counterparts took 20th place concerning violence tolerance. Thus, the study discovered that there is a difference in awareness between the genders when it comes the issue of domestic violence in the Korean society. Looking at the policies for violence prevention education in Korea, prevention education for sexual harrassment was mandated for public institutions in 1999. Then, prevention education was broadened in its scope to include prostitution prevention in 2008, sexual violence prevention in 2013, and domestic violence prevention in 2014. Currently, the major direction that the policies for violence prevention education is taking is the emphasis for quality control enhancement. Additionally, The Institute of Support for Sexual Violence Prevention Education has now been stipulated by law as the institute that supports sexual violence prevention education. Consequently the legal basis has now been provided to actively develop policies for sexual violence prevention education. Violence prevention education includes the following: sexual harrassment preventive measures, prostitution prevention education, sexual violence prevention education, domestic violence prevention education, and gender-sensitivity education. Currently, a total of 2,167 professional instructors are actively engaged in six areas of violence prevention education. The direction that policies for prevention education is now taking is to make the transition from an autonomous, private-sector model to a model that complies with national standards. The government is working towards developing and distributing educational programs that are customized by life-cycles and for those receiving the education. The breakdown of violence prevention education in Korea is as follows. In 2012, sexual harrassment prevention education was done for 16,000 institutions; education for prostitution prevention was administered to 32,000 institutions in the same year. In 2013, sexual violence prevention education was added for 68,000 institutions; that brought the total number of institutions receiving prevention education to 100,000. Starting in 2014, education on domestic v