흰쥐 뇌 소교세포에서 진세노사이드 Rg3의 Type A Macrophage Scavenger Receptor 발현 증진효과

Enhancement of Type A Macrophage Scavenger Receptor Expression by Ginsenoside Rg3 in Rat Microglia

Macrophage scavenger receptors (MSRs) induce microglial interaction with β-amyloid fibrils (fAβ) that are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglia are known to have a dual effect on formation of plaque and clearance of fAβ in the AD brain, receptor-mediated phagocytosis is a very important tool for preventing amyloid plaque via activated microglia in the early stage of AD. In the study, we examined whether ginsonoside Rg3 enhances the microglial Phagocytosis of Aβ1-42 through Phagocytosis assay, gene expression (RT-PCR) and protein assay (western blots) for the cell responsiveness presented between Rg3-treated and non-treated groups. Fluro-labeled Ac-LDL and E.coli particles were used as control proteins for phagocytosis. In previous studies, this was a particularly interesting property of Rg3 in the stimulation and phagocytosis of macrophages in the periphery. We report here that ginsenoside Rg3 increased the expression of type-A MSR (MSR-A) in microglia and thus accelerated the phagocytosis with an effective degradation of engulfed fAβ. This result suggests that Rg3 may play an important role in removing fAβ by enhancing the receptor-mediated phagocytosis. In addition, Rg3 could be a potential candidate for balancing the rate of production of fAβ in AD brain.