아랍 주시(酒詩)의 발전과정에 관한 고찰

A Study on the Development of Arabic Wine Poetry

This paper aims at taking view of the development process of classical Arabic wine poetry during the period ranging from Ja­hili­y Age go A.H. 2nd century, in addition, it is from the cultural view point planned to search the background about Islam's prohibition of liquor for Moslems. Data of Arabic wine poems in Ja­hili­y Age shows that the Arabian men before Islamic Age enjoyed drinking wine, regarding it as symbol of manlihood and heroic temper. Through prohibited by religious doctrine in Islamic Age, wine has never been away from the Arab's minds which were thirsty for 'open hearts' and man's mental freedom During A.H. 1st-2nd century In Islamic Age, may wine poems have been composed by Arab poets, some of them such as al-Akht¸al, Abu­ Nuwa­s and al-Wali­d bn Yazi­d enjoyed for themselves drinking wine and expressed vividly the effects of drink in verses. Arabic wine poetry with the change of times has been undergone some developments in its form and contents. In most wine poems of Ja­hili­y Age the theme of wine has been used as one of thematic parts forming the framework of the poems. Therefore Ja­hili­y poets neither gave a full account of wine, nor expressed wine drinker's mental state, and their poems are limited to superficial observation and description of the external shapes of wine. Also Ja­hili­y poetry shows its limitations of development in that there are few wine verses delivering the poets' experiences of drink and the effects of drink in theirs mind. While Islamic Age witnessed appearance of many poets enjoying drink and expressing their mental state under the influence of drink. Among them, al-Akht¸al of Umayyah Age left poems concentrating on wine theme, conveying the romantic taste of drinkers, and his wine poems are characterized by refinement in description and expression. Khalifah of 'Abbas Dynasty, al-Walid bn Yazid's wine poems are peculiar in including his view of life that he pursues freedom, not bound by religious doctrine. His wine poems which extend narrative of wine to reflection on man's life are proof of the astonishing development of Arabic wine poetry. After al-Wali­d, Abu­ Nuwa­s was a luminary in wine poetry. Abu­ Nuwa­s who had inclination for urban life rather than for Bedouin life indulged in wine, seeking freedom of thinking and conduct through his life and in his wine poetry. He composed many wine poems in which he combined his disappointed love, his doubt about religious life and his profound knowledge of philosophy and religious doctrine. His wine poetry is not only excellent in rhetorical devices, but also is outstanding in dealing with diverse and interesting topics concerning wine. Moreover Abu­ Nuwa­s in his wine poems treated of subject of existentialism through his reflection on vanity in life and man's destiny.