이집트 지역의 사회언어학적 특징에 대한 연구

A Study on the Socio- linguistic features of Egypt

In Modern Arab Word, there exists a striking dichotomy between two or more varieties of the same language used by speakers under different conditions. This sociolinguistic situation was termed " diglossia" by Ferguson. But strictly speaking, this situation may be described as a continuum from colloquial to classical Arabic. Within this continuum there is a language level namely Formal spoken Arabic. It is the spoken language of educated people, which differ from classical Arabic and is influenced in some way by Egyptian colloquial dialects. In this article I'll study the Socio- linguistic features of Egypt and analyze the phonological features of Egyptian spoken Arabic. For example, the phonological system of literary Arabic is the same of Classical Arabic which consists of 28 consonants and 3 short vowels , 3 long vowels and two dipthongs. As for the Egyptian spoken Arabic has 31 consonants under the influence of foreign languages and have many allophones for each consonant . In Egypt, for example, the use of jim is obligatory when reading from the Quran. In all other situations its use is optional and often carries a religious or even pedantic connotation. The pharyngeals and glottal consonants are straight forward. There are three phonemes, /p/, /v/,/ž/ which occur in loan words as /tiliviziyoon/ , /žakitta/. We can find another differences between literary Arabic and Egyptian spoken Arabic from emphatic sounds. In the literary Arabic, there are four emphatics only /ṣ/,/ḍ/, /ṭ/,/ẓ /. But in the Egyptian spoken Arabic there are many changable emphatics. Finally I'll analyze the result of survey of Egytptian people's recognition about Arabic Diglossia and the role of spoken Arabic in the Egyptian language society.