한국 형사소송법에서의 전문증거법칙에 관한 재 고찰 - 영미법상 전문법칙 또는 대륙식 직접주의의 수용인가? -

The Revisited Arguing Points on Hearsay Rules in Korean Criminal Procedure Law - Did we accommodate hearsay rules of anglo american law or principle of immediacy of continental law? -

전문증거법칙 또는 직접주의원칙, 그 이론적 근거에 대한 논란과 별개로 이차적, 파생적 증거의 여과장치가 형사소송법 하에서 항시 존재하였음에도 불구하고, 소위 ‘조서재판’의 극복이 한국 형사소송법에서 중요 해결과제로 지속된 점에서 알 수 있듯이, 그 여과기능이 충분치 못하였다는 평가가 일반적이다. 그렇다면 여과기능이 작동하지 않은 원인은 무엇인가? 이와 관련하여, 본 논문은 이차적, 파생적 진술증거에 대한 제한이 이루어진 과정 특히, 영미법의 전문증거법칙, 대륙법의 직접주의원칙으로 각기 다른 대안이 형성된 배경을 살펴보도록 한다. 또한 근대화 과정에서 서구법제 및 형사절차를 수용하면서, 한국에 소개된 직접주의원칙 및 전문증거법칙이 충분히 기능하지 못하고, 조서재판으로 평가될 정도로 대량의 전문증거가 활용된 이유를 살펴보도록 한다.

The problems about restrict of secondary or derivative testimonial evidence in criminal evidence law has been understood as one case of very critical arguing points, formating hearsay rules in Anglo-American law and the principle of immediacy in continental law. Since revision in 1961, the use of secondary or derivative testimonial evidence in Korean criminal procedure has been restricted through the following clause of supplement 2 of article 310(hearsay evidence & the restrict of admissibility), Korean Criminal Procedure Law, too. so, about character or theoretical base of above clause, there have been many kinds of opinions, like that hearsay rules in Anglo-American law or the principle ofimmediacy in continental law is the theoretical base of Korean hearsay Rules. well, there had been a clause relate to restriction of secondary or derivative testimonial evidence in Korean criminal procedure law, the former time of revision in 1961, even in criminal procedure of colonized period by imperial Japan. but considering, like as 'judgement by official ducuments of the investigative authorities', the illustrative expression to Korean Criminal procedure, we guess, there has been no sufficient function or capacities in Korean Hearsay rules in real condition, regrettably. So, In this paper, aming to the basical and historical reason of problems above related to restriction about hearsay evidence(expecially, the use of official documents evidence by investigative authorities) in criminal procedue of Korea, I will examine the view points in Roman-canonical law about above seconday or derivative testimonial evidence and the historical and theoretical molding process of hearsay rules in Anglo American law and the principle of immediacy in continental law with influence to Japan & Korea in the receptive period of modernized western law.