성공적인 약시치료 후 양안, 단안 시기능의 질적 평가

Qualitative Assessment of Binocular and Monocular Visual Function in Successfully Treated Amblyopes

Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate the binocular and monocular visual function in successfully treated amblyopes. Methods: Sixty-nine patients who gained normal visual acuity after amblyopia treatment and twenty normal controls were enrolled in this study. Binocular and monocular visual function was assessed with a stereoacuity test and a foveal threshold test respectively. Main outcomes were compared among the groups and factors which affect final visual function were determined. Results: Stereoacuity showed 224.6 seconds of arc in strabismic amblyopia group, 91.8 seconds of arc in anisometropic amblyopia group, 74.3 seconds of arc in visual-deprivation amblyopia group, and 46.5 seconds of arc in control group. The strabismic amblyopia group after successful amblyopia treatment showed a significant decreased stereoacuity (p=0.000) and linear relationship between the depth of amblyopia and stereoacuity (r=0.448, p=0.002). A 1.0-dB depression of the foveal threshold, compared with sound eye, was found in amblyopic eyes of the strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia groups. Conclusions: An abnormal binocular visual function remains after amblyopia treatment in cases of strabismic amblyopia because of a suppression or insufficient bifoveal fusion during critical period, despite of normal visual acuity development, and there is a shallow foveal depression in amblyopic eyes of patient in the strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia groups.