PROBLEMS AND PROSPECT OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION-MAKING IN CHINA

In light of the current dysfunctional environmental governance regime in China and the growing popularity of deliberative democracy across the world, this paper identifies and evaluates the development of public participation at three different levels of environmental decision-making in China, namely (1) laws and executive regulations; (2) plans and policies; (3) and specific activities. Having examined the background for promoting public participation in China, specific issues are discussed at length, for example, the timing of participation, time frame allowed for public comments, information provided for the public, the forms of participation, the review and feedback on public opinions. Moreover, since effective public participation requires a strengthened and vibrant civil society, legal and political obstacles against the development of civil society are identified. Discussions also incorporate other relevant procedural rights for their notable impact on the compliance of public participation requirements, especially with regard to information transparency and access to justice. As a basic conclusion, the piecemeal feature of public participation in China is highlighted. This observation is further explained from several perspectives in the conclusion and recommendations will be given accordingly.