중동과 유럽지역의 국제테러조직 분석과 그 평가

An Analysis and Evaluation of International Terror Organizations in Middle-East and European Regions

지정학적으로 중동지역은 아시아지역과 유럽지역을 연결해 주는 가교(架橋)역할을 하고 있다. 이로 인하여 중동지역과 유럽지역은 정치· 종교·경제·사회·문화 등 다양한 분야에서 교류와 협력 또는 반목과 갈등을 거듭하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 중동과 유럽지역을 거점으로 활동하고 있는 국제테러조직을 대상으로 언어네트워크방법론을 활용한 분석을 실시하였다. 이 연구의 분석대상은 중동지역 8개국 21개 조직과 유럽지역 5개국 8개 조직으로 한정하였으며, 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공격대상에서 “정부”, “이스라엘”의 연결중심성 값이 높았고, “군”, “서방”, “요인”, “서방시설”, “미국” 등의 빈도가 높았다. 둘째, 공격유형에서 “공격”, “테러”의 연결중심성 값이 높았고, “폭탄테러”, “무장공격”, “암살”의 빈도가 높았다. 셋째, 종교·이념성향에서 “이슬람”, “극좌”, “민족”의 연결중심성 값이 높았고, “원리주의”, “수니파”, “민족주의”, “분리주의”, “급진주의”, “시아파” 등의 빈도가 높았다. 넷째, 투쟁목표에서 “건설”, “국가”, “이슬람”의 연결중심성 값이 높았고, “팔레스타인”, “사회주의”, “독립”, “지역”, “축출”의 빈도가 높았다. 다섯째, 활동지역에서 “파키스탄”, “이라크”, “예멘”, “가자·서안지구”, “아프간”, “이란”의 연결중심성 값이 높았고, “접경지역”, “북부”, “남동부”, “북서부”의 빈도가 높았다.

Because Middle-East regions are located between Asia and Europe, they have played role as a bridge between Asian and European regions. Hence, people in Middle-East and Europe have interacted and cooperated for a long time, but sometimes they have been hostile to each other and have conflicted between them. This study analysed the active international terror organizations in Middle-East and European regions by using the semantic network analysis. The analysis subjects include 8 nations, 21 organizations in Middle-East regions and 5 nations, 8 organizations in European regions. We found some significant results from the analysis. To Sum up, first, “government” and “Israel” were the most frequently used key word in attack subject. Second, “attack” and “terror” had the highest degree centrality value in attack patterns, and “bombing terror”, “armed attack”, and “assassination” were frequently addressed in attack patterns. Third, “Islam”, “extreme left-wing”, and “nation” had the highest degree centrality value in ideological inclination, while “fundamentalism”, “Sunni”, “nationalism”, “separatism”, “radicalism”, and “Shia” were frequently addressed in terms of ideological inclination. Forth, “building”, “state”, and “Islam” had the highest degree centrality value in fighting goal, and “Palestine”, “socialism”, “independence”, “region”, and “expulsion” were frequently addressed in fighting goal. Fifth, “Pakistan”, “Iraq”, “Yemen”, “Gaza Strip West Bank”, “Afghanistan”, and “Iran” had the highest degree centrality value in area for activity, while “border area”, “North”, “Southeast”, and “Northwest” were frequently addressed in terms of area for activity.