로마서 11:26-27의 'Eκ Σιὼν에 관한 연구

'Eκ Σιὼν in Romans 11:26-27 -paul's Use of Isaiah 59 in Romans 11-

This study looks into Paul' s use of Isaiah 59 and the phrase '∊κ Σιὼνin its citation in Rom 11:26-27. Paul cites Isaianic texts to argue that the salvation of all Israel is promised in the OT, especially in Isaiah 59:20 and 27:9, as a 'mystery'. In his citations, Paul employs a peculiar phrase which is present neither in the Hebrew text of Isaiah 59 (HB) nor in the Greek translation of Isaiah 59 (the Septuagint). This article attempts to answer why the apostle uses the peculiar phrase in his citation from Isaiah 59 in Rom 11:26-27 after critically examining several scholarly suggestions. In the first section, the present study analyzes the text forms of the OT citations in Rom 11:26-27. The analysis shows that we find that Isa 59:20 and Isa 27:9 in the Septuagint (the LXX) are cited because there are remarkable lexical similarities and thematic connections among Rom 11:26- 27, Isa 59:20 and Isa 27:9. The next part critically considers several scholarly views about Paul s use of the problematic phrase '∊κ Σιὼν in the citations in Rom 11:26-27. The critical survey of the scholarly suggestions shows that there are three major groups of opinions concerning the use of the phrase. The first view is that Paul employs the Greek text (Vorlage) which had already contained the phrase '∊κ Σιὼν. The second view is that the apostle employs other OT texts in which the phrase is already found, while he uses Isa 59 and Isa 27 in Rom 11:26-27. If this suggestion is right, Paul employs three OT texts in Rom 11:26-27. The last scholarly view holds that Paul changed his Vorlage to have the phrase from Zion instead of the phrase to Zion (the LXX). In this case, Paul is responsible for the change of the phrase rather than the existing text (Vorlage) had the phrase before he cites from the OT text. On account of the weaknesses of the suggested views, we need a fresh approach to the problematic phrase while taking into the fact that Paul cites from the OT in Rom 11:26-27 more seriously. This study concludes that the use of the peculiar phrase '∊κ Σιὼν in his citation from Isa 59:20-21 is not Paul's arbitrary modification of the original OT text but his careful interpretation of the original context of Isa 59:20-21 and its broad context of Isa 59-65. The original literary context of Isa 59 shows that the rescuer in Isa 59:20 is not merely the savior of the ethnic Israel but also of the gentiles. Paul's employment of the phrase is based on the apostle's careful reading of Isa 59-65 which contain not only God's promise of Israel's restoration but also God's universal plan for the gentiles. 'Eκ Σιὼν in Rom 11:26-27 which is not found in any passages in Isa 59 is in fact the result of Paul's careful reading of Isainc texts (Isa 59-65).