話本小說中女性悲劇命運的社會文化根源

The Social Cultural Origin of the Female Characters' Tragedy Fate in "Huaben" Novels

宋代以后兴起的话本小说中，开始出现大量的女性人物形象。这些女性人物的一个重要特点，就是大多承受了一种悲剧的命运。从社会文化的背景来看，话本小说中女性人物悲剧命运产生的根源主要有三个方面：其一是中国封建社会中，儒家文化传统为女性确定的卑弱地位；其二是宋代程朱理学强调压制人的情感欲望，并形成了一套扼杀妇女爱情和婚姻自由的礼教道德观念；其三是中国封建王朝剥夺了妇女的财产权，使妇女在经济上只能处于对男性的绝对依附地位。

The “Huaben” novels that appeared after the Song Dynasty began to create a lot of female characters. A very important feature of these female figures is that most of them had suffered a tragedy fate. On the background of the social culture, there are three main origins that led to the tragedy fate of the female characters in the “Huaben” novels. The first, the Confucian cultural tradition decided the low and weak position of women. The second, the Cheng and Zhu's “Lixue” in Song Dynasty suppressed the human being's desire of affection and created a “Lijiao” moral concept to kill the women's freedom of love and marriage. The third, the Chinese feudal dynasties deprived of the women's right of property and made them to be under the position to adhere to men in economy.