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Aspects and Development of Sencha Culture Depicted In the Japanese Paintings of Eighteenth Century

This study analyzed the characteristics of tea culture depicted in the Japanese paintings of the eighteenth century. A total of 32 paintings drawn by 10 painters in the mid-Edo period were used. The results focusing mostly on literati paintings were as follows. First, the central figures preparing tea were Baisao and Dadong. Baisao, a Zen Buddhist monk, prepared tea to sell as part of being self-sufficient and Zen meditation. On the other hand, a young boy called Dadong with hair in two topknots was mostly in charge of preparing tea in front of the tea stove. Second, the space for tea culture was located mainly outdoors, such as a mountain and valleys, a private garden, and even a boat. The space performed functions for male-centered literary activities, elegant accomplishments, and retirement to the hermitage in nature. Third, tea kettles and tea stoves among tea utensils were depicted the most in the paintings. In particular, a tea kettle with a handle beside showed the typical shape of all tea kettles. Fourth, the method for brewing tea consisted originally of using a teakettle and a teapot separately. However, few teapots were depicted in contrast to a number of tea kettles shown. This suggests that in that age, the method for preparing tea was to boil leaf tea rather than brew.