아돌프 로스 주거건축에서 나타나는 근대도시 인식과 경계설정에 관한 연구

A Study on the Cognition of Modern Urbanity and Boundary setting in the Houses of Adolf Loos

Adolf Loos is well known for his writings and architectural works. Adolf Loos has often been misunderstood because of complicated logic in his writing. Moreover, his architectural works showing a desire for the traditional/classical style of architecture seemed contradictory with his theory, which declares for the elimination of ornaments in architecture. From this point of view, this study investigates the consistency between his theories and works by starting with the process in which his experience of fin-de-siecle Vienna would be developed into the perception of modern urbanity. Then this study will also investigate the design method of Adolf Loos with Boundary Setting. In conclusion, the modern situations of Vienna leads Loos to the idea that breaks with tradition is a specific condition of modern age, which is both irreversible and omnipresent. Based on this perception of modern urbanity, Loss developed Semper’s Bekleidung into the Principles of Cladding that propose that architecture of modern age should reject the rootless decorations and the inventions of style, which have no relation with tradition. He also argue that only the ‘Dwelling’ would be the last possibility that architecture can achieve, when keeping it in intimacy. For this reason, Loos’s house design became the matter of proper setting of boundary, by which a degree of intimacy would be determined in walls, floors, and ceilings. On outer wall facing urban area, Adolf Loos chose the symmetrical appearance with arranging small windows regardless of function of rooms in order to keep ‘Dwelling’ from the invasion of modernity. It resulted in making the ‘silent wall’. But in the case of walls facing garden, asymmetrical mass operaitons reveals the living and life in the house. Loos used traditonal / classical factors with classical symmetry in outskirts. In interior space, Loos’s Raumplan made contradictory boundaries that would enhance the activity and meaning of life of inhabitants. Silient outer wall and Raumplan, results of elaborated boundary set, dialectically created the feeling of ‘discontinuous continuity’, which represents the breaking cuts in modern urban condition.