레이먼드 윌리엄즈의 노동계급 교육사상

Raymond Williams' Ideas on Working Class Education in Light of Public Pedagogy

이 논문은 영국의 맑스주의 이론가이자 문화사가인 레이먼드 윌리엄즈(Raymond Williams, 1921-1988)의 문화주의적 교육사상을 노동계급에 대한 관점을 중심으로 논의한다. 윌리엄즈는 문화이론(cultural studies) 분야의 선구자이자 대표적 학자로 알려져 있고 교육학에도 영향을 주었지만 그의 교육사상에 대한 본격적 조명이 이루어졌다고 보기 어렵다. 따라서, 이 논문에 서는 레이먼드 윌리엄즈의 문화맑스주의의 핵심개념들을 검토하면서 이를 기초로 한 그의 노동계급 교육론을 살펴본다. 특히, 1946년에서 1961년의 15년간에 걸친 노동자교육 참여기간 동안 저술된 초기 저작들에 초점을 두어 그 교육론을 확인한다. 또한, 윌리엄즈의 논의를 보다 현대적 맥락에서 조명하기 위해 그의 교육사상을 ‘공적 페다고지’의 맥락에서 살펴보면서 그 시 사점을 논의한다.

This study explores the educational ideas of Raymond Williams(1921-1988), British literary critic and cultural historian. Williams has not been typically thought of as an educational thinker, yet much can be found in his work that have implications regarding pedagogical thought and practice. This paper is a reappraisal of Raymond Williams as a practitioner as well as theorist in education, especially focusing on his early career related to adult education with the university extension program of Oxford University, associated with the Workers' Educational Association (WEA). He had worked as a tutor for 15 years between 1946 and 1961, and had written a number of pieces on education and pedagogical concerns related to working class education. Raymond Williams is also considered a major scholar that has influenced the development of studies in public pedagogy. At a time when public institutions and civic liberties have increasingly been challenged by neoliberalism and global capitalism, the understanding of cultural politics over politicizing the public pedagogy and providing a language of resistance and possibility is crucial for promoting democratic social change. In this paper, Raymond Williams' work is featured in relation to the cultural politics of public pedagogy as well as his role in the history and tradition of the British working class education