‘負心婚變’ 고사 연구 ― 증여와 교환의 딜레마

A Study on motif of Infidelity and divorce in Ancient Chinese Narrative Literature

현전하는 최초의 南戱 張協壯元과 明末 馮夢龍의 話本 ‘三言’ 속의 金玉奴棒打薄情郞은 ‘婚變’을 서사한 중국고전서사물 중에서 남편의 배신으로 인한 ‘破鏡’과 아내의 용서로 인한 ‘重圓’을 이루는 독특한 모티프를 가진 작품이다. ‘파경중원’ 서사에 대한 기존 연구는 ‘파경’의 원인으로 근세기를 아우르는 科擧문화라는 봉건사회의 한계에서 탐색하고, ‘중원’의 동인은 禮敎문화의 굴레와 ‘大團圓’을 갈구하는 민족심리로 귀결하고 있다. 본고는 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 하고, 작품 내에서 작동하는 ‘교환과 증여’의 법칙에 입각하여 탐구한다. 그결과, 이 작품들의 ‘혼인’-‘파경’-‘중원’ 과정에 ‘증여’와 ‘교환’의 법칙이 작동하고 있고, 남희 張協壯元은 ‘증여와 교환의 딜레마’에 처해 있음을 밝힌다.

Most of literary works with the motif of 'divorce' have a happy ending, amongchinese classical epic literary works. The story is that a hero and a heroine haveloved each other very much, but couldn't help separating due to the disturbanceof other people and the huge power. Finally they were reunited after overcominghardship and came to live a happy life for a long time.However, Both 「Zhang-xie｣ in ‘Nan-xi’ and 「Jin-yunu｣ in ‘Hua-ben’ have adistinctive feature among chinese classical epic literary works with a motif ofdivorce. It has a plot that the couple got divorced because of the husband'sbetrayal, but were reunited thanks to the wife's forgiveness. In other words, thecouple would be reunited as the wife forgave her husband even though hebetrayed and even attempted to kill her.According to the earlier studies on 'divorce and reunion' in literary works, thereason of 'divorce' is ascribed to the Imperial examination system and theConfucian culture and the reason of 'reunion' is induced from readers' mentalityto long for happy ending.This study was made based on the theory of 'exchange and gift'. Therefore, it'sfound that 'gift' fell into a dilemma in 「Zhang-xie｣ in ‘Nan-xi’ during the processof marriage, divorce and reunion of the hero and the heroine at each work.