세계 태권도 한마당 국제심판의 심판판정 공정성에 관한 연구

A Study on Taekwondo Hanmadang International Referees’ Decision Making

The purpose of this study is to analyze Taekwondo Hanmadang international referees’judgements and provide foundational material to ensure fairness in refereeing decision. To attain the goal, 53 international referees, participating in the 20th World Taekwondo Hanmadang Competition held in Kukkiwon Stadium was selected and survey was conducted based on their self-assessment. The data collected was analyzed by using SPSS/WIN 18.0 and factor analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and the t-test was used. This study finds the following results. First, referees’ self-assessment answers to ‘referees are making efforts to make fair decisions’ and‘referees are attending a game with a sense of responsibility’, are relatively higher than other questions. Meanwhile, answers to ‘referees are making biased decisions’ and ‘referees are making intentional decisions sometimes’ are relatively lower than other questions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the referees attending Hanmadang are making fair decisions with a sense of responsibility, and they indicate a low level of biased and intentional decision making. Second, answers to ‘referees are reliable and have noble moral character’ (t=-4.323, p<.001), ‘referees are satisfied with the speed of decision making’ (t=-2.865, p<.01), ‘referees sometimes make wrong decisions by mistake’ (t=-3.908, p<.001), and ‘referees sometimes make intentional decisions’ (t=-4.323, p<.001) indicate statistically significant difference depending on nationality. Non-Korean referees tend to consider referees are reliable, have noble moral character and are more satisfied with the speed of decision making relatively more than Korean referees. Also, non-Korean referees tend to view more than Korean referees that referees sometimes make wrong decisions by mistakes and sometimes make intentional decisions. Therefore, constant effort is needed for Korean referees to recover morality as well as reliability and the same for non-Korean referees to reduce making wrong decisions and intentional decisions.