<도깨비 감투> 설화유형의 한일 비교

Comparison between Korean and Japanese Dokkebi Gamtu Folktales

本稿では、<ドケビカントゥ>型&#35500;話の韓日比較を通じて共通点と相違 点を論じた。韓&#22269;型は、貧乏な人が&#38560;れカントゥをドケビから得て人の物を&#30423;み一時的に物質的欲望を充たすが、カントゥに空いた穴をうめた赤布によって&#30330;&#35226;するという展開を見せる。これに比して、日本型は、博打打ちが神あるいは天狗から&#38560;れ蓑を獲得して欲しいものを勝手に取って物質 的欲望を充たすが、妻が&#28988;いた蓑の灰を&#20307;に塗って再び酒屋に行って&#30423;み &#39154;んでいて、&#23517;小便をしてそこの灰が取れて&#30330;&#35226;するという展開を見せ る。このように呪&#23453;の獲得による成功とその&#27584;損による失敗という構成の 共通点がある。一方、ドケビと神&#8228;天狗、カントゥと蓑等の構成要素の相 違点が&#26908;討される。&#35500;話の主題の考察においては、物質的豊かさを充たす ためには正&#24403;な方法で達成すべきだという&#25945;育的社&#20250;性が考察される。同 時に、&#38560;身という幻想的話を通じてしばらく現&#23455;を忘れのんびりし、また これからの生活を活&#27671;づけようとした民衆たちの意識と願望をも伺われ る。このような&#23087;&#27005;的性格は、日本の話では生殖器の露出という一層誇張された表現で笑話になったという特&#24500;をみせる。

This study discusses the similarities and differences detected in stories of “Dokkebi Gamtu” type between Korea and Japan. The Korean folk tale of Dokkebi Gamtu is the story of a poor man who gained gamtu to conceal his appearance to steal other people’s things so that he gets a material satisfaction temporarily, but this story comes to the scene where such theft is uncovered due to the trail of stitched red cloths overlaying damaged holes. In contrast, in the Japanese folk tale, a gambler gets a material satisfaction with a hidden Dorongyi which he acquired from the god or Dengu, but his theft, or drinking at a restaurant without paying his bill, is discovered when the ashes of burned Dorongyi came off his body while he was doing bed-wetting in the restaurant. Thus, whilst the stories in the two countries show a structural commonality in the success and failure of stealing, cultural differences such as gamtu, the god and Dorongyi in Dengu have been reviewed. Through the study in the sense of folk tales, in order to meet the material demands in the two nations, the educational sociality appears that material satisfactions must be satisfied in a proper way. At the same time, through the hidden fantastic story, forgetting the stuffy reality, the collective consciousness of tradition has been studied to find the lifeblood. Thus, the entertainment nature of such folk tales in local legends of Japan is transformed into a funny story based on the exaggerated expression describing the exposure of sexual organs