공격성과 사회적 유능감의 수준에 따른 또래 괴롭힘 가해경험 및 문제해결방식의 차이

Differences in problem-solving styles and bullying experiencee in terms of the level of aggression and social competence

본 연구는 군집분석을 통해 공격성과 사회적 유능감의 수준에 따라 자연 발생한 네 집단별 또래 괴롭힘 가해경험 및 문제해결방식의 차이를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 수도권 초등학생 및 중학생 434명을 대상으로 또래 괴롭힘 가해 경험여부, 공격성, 사회적 유능감, 문제해결방식을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 공격성과 사회적 유능감에 따른 집단별 또래 괴롭힘 가해경험은 공격성이 가장 높은 ‘공격적 일반형’ 집단이 가장 많았고, 사회적 유능감이 가장 높은 ‘비공격적 유능형’ 집단이 가장 적은 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 공격성과 사회적 유능감의 수준에 따른 집단별 문제해결방식을 비교한 결과 사회지지 추구적, 적극적, 공격적, 소극적, 회피적 방식에서 모두 집단별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 또래 괴롭힘 문제 해결을 위한 효과적 개입방법을 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of problem-solving styles in bullying, aggression and social competence. For this purpose, 434 elementary and middle school students in Seoul participated and their bullying experience, aggression, social competence, and problem-solving styles were measured. A series of analysis including Cluster analysis, Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA with Scheffe post-hoc test was conducted. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, the participant was categorized into four sub-groups in terms of the level of aggression and social competence. There were significant differences among four groups in bullying experience. In particular, ‘Aggressive general group’, which aggression level is the highest, had the most experience. And ‘Non-aggressive competent group’, which social competence level is the highest, had the lowest experience. Second, there were significant differences among four groups in problem solving styles such as social support seeking coping styles, active coping styles, passive coping styles and evasive coping styles. Based on the results, implications for effective counseling, educational interventions and recommendation for the future studies were suggested.