인근접거주 촉진 지원제도에 관한 연구

A Study on Support Programs to Promote Living-near Families in Japan and Analysis on Questionnaire Surveys related to Living-near Families in Korea

This research pays attention to 'living-near families' in which mutual cooperation through strong ties among families is possible by having the aged parent generating and children generation rearing children of their own live next to or close to each other. Living-near families may be applied as a counterplan for the problem of low birth rate and aging problem in Korea since it mutually supports care and child-rearing. From the research, firstly, as a result of analyzing Japanese local government’s support program to promote living-near families, there are 10 local government such as Chiba-city and Kobe-city along with Sinagawa-ku. This program was implemented in 2011 and the number of local governments implementing this is on the rise. The way of operation is different for each local government but the main purpose of this program is to increase the sedentary population of the area by caring for the parent generation and to lessen the child-rearing burden of the children generation. Secondly, the reason why the conditions for support and content are different for each Japanese government is because the area, population, economic state, housing conditions are all different and because the subsidy supporting by the local government is mostly a one-time thing and has a limit on period, when there are many applicants, the burden on their budget may act as a big limitation. Thirdly, as a survey analysis of two public dataset, the type and occupation of residence are significantly different between the aged parent generation and the child-rearing children generation. Thus, living-near families connote the possibility of solving the housing mismatch problem between parent generation and child generation to some extent. Also, the preference of residence for the aged shown to be in the order of “living-near families > senior housing > living together”. However, the degree of that seemed to have a close relationship with the area and demographic characteristic of Seoul city and especially with the value of property. Fourthly, as a survey analysis of two private dataset conducted on residents of apartments, the preference was in order of “living nearby > living next to the other > living together”. However, the degree showed significant difference according to the family composition and the demographic characteristic of the respondent of the survey.