일본의 낙후지역개발정책

A Study of Lagging Regional Policy in Japan -With a Focus on Functions and Roles of the Various Governmental Levels-

본 연구는 고도성장기의 도시집중과 지역간 격차의 경험을 가진 일본을 사례로 낙후지역개발사업의 실태와 성과를 살펴봄으로써 우리나라의 낙후지역개발사업에 대한 시사점을 모색하는 데에 목적이 있다. 1970년부터 낙후지역개발이 본격적으로 추진된 일본의 낙후지역개발사업은 간결한 법적 구조, 고용확대와 소득창출에 기반, 기초지방자치단체 주도의 사업 추진, 중앙정부와 지방정부간의 유기적 협조체제, 중앙정부의 지원, 엄정한 사업평가와 결과의 활용 등을 특징으로 하고 있다. 이러한 특징은 중앙정부 주도로 사업이 추진되는 우리나라에 좋은 시사점이 되고 있다.

The purpose of this study is to determine the various roles and functions of governmental levels in regions of Japan that are lagging in regional development policies. This study analyzed the existing characteristics of regional development projects such as total trends, institutions and laws, and planning and policies. Secondly, the roles of various levels of governments, including the central government. the metropolitan government of Iwate Gen and the local government of Kawamoto machi were studied. The results of this study are as follows: ● Japan has a simple legal structure. ● The major aims of current development policies are to increase job opportunities and personal incomes. ● Local governments, rather than the other levels of government, have implemented these policies. The various levels of governments have strong cooperative systems in order to develop the lagging regions. Most importantly, the central government provides financial support. ● The evaluation of project performance and the utilization of the results and feedback are considered to be very important. This study found that the system that the Japanese government has implemented in order to develop its lagging regions is efficient and effective, If this is the case Korea might consider implementing a similar approach in its steps to develop the regions that are lagging behind.