강재 케이블을 이용한 연성 대공간 지붕의 구조시스템에 관한 연구

A Study on the Structural System of Flexible Large Span Spatial Roofs using Steel Cables

Flexible large span spatial roof structures require innovative thinking in terms of structural engineering for design approaches, structural systems, the form and function of roof, the choice of material, the resistant system of wind or earthquake, the insurance of maintenance, construction methods, prestressed loads, fabrication and stabling processes, erection methods and structural stabilities during erection, differential deflections or up-lifts of the theoretical shape and deformed shape. In recent years, spanning great distance was central to many architectural visions, great distance cable structures have realized the lightweight roof system of which is remarkable for the coverage of broad spans. The Georgia Dome in Atlanta has the largest cable dome span of 240m in the world, the Oita Big Eye Stadium in Japan has the largest retractable dome span of 245m, the Nantong Sports Center in China has a span of 240m, the Seibu Dome in Tokorozawa has a span of 220m, and Sapporo Dome enclosed the roof of a football moving stadium and a distance of 218m. The cost efficiency of large span spatial structures is achieved by choosing a structural system that has construction speedy, simple to fabricate, modular, lightweight, minimum use of material, and members with as much repetition as possible. By using beneficial structural principles such as arching effect, catenary action, and tensile stress, large span spatial structures can add more mechanical advantages for overall structural system. In retractable large span structures, engineers will solve various mechanical problems emanating from issues such as emergency stops when the roof open and close, friction in bearings, rail tolerances, moving panel skew, bogie skew, driving forces, buffer collisions, and moving speeds. The aspect of roof performance is shade cover to alleviate the extreme hot or cold conditions and rain coverage to avoid suddenly disruptions. The cable structures are used to a new type of large span spatial structure which is widely used in the sport building for the use of minimum material. Several cable structures have been constructed in the roof of sports arena for recent years such as Warsaw stadium, Rothenbaum stadium, Bucharest stadium. It is proposed the provision has a cable system for the large span structures, and deflections of cable are investigated to determine the shape of structures. Non-linear analyses are carried out to find the changing shapes of roof by applied loads. The results from the study can be applied for direct design use, and are proposed the spoke wheel system of flexible large span spatial roofs using steel cables.