国际金融风暴对中国经济的影响及政府的对策研究

A Study of the International Financial Turmoil s Influence on China s Economy and Chinese Government s Strategy

2007年，“次贷危机”的爆发引发了美国金融危机，并迅速发展成为国际金融风暴，影响世界各国经济发展，各国股指以惊人的速度下跌，贸易和经济增长速度急剧下滑。受金融危机影响，中国各项宏观经济指标也从2008年下半年开始出现了明显的下滑，对外进出口增速大幅回落，工业生产显著放缓，外向型中小企业大量倒闭，消费和投资预期普遍降低。中国是开放型经济，对出口的依存度高，过去一个时期以出口来带动经济的高速增长，但危机带来的外需动力乏力，使中国经济的增长速度放慢，下降到七年来的最低水平。为应对这次金融风暴带来的影响，中国政府出台了积极的财政政策和宽松的货币政策，旨在转变经济增长方式，把扩大内需放在战略的高度，以此来克服这次危机，为中国经济可持续发展创造政策环境。

In 2007, the sub－prime mortgage crisis triggered the U.S.financial crisis, which quickly developed into an international financial turmoil and had impact on economic development all over the world, while the national index fell at an alarming rate, trade and economic growth plummeted. In this situation, China s macro－economic indicators began to decline dramatically from the second half of 2008, the export& import growth fell sharply, industrial production slowed down, the export－oriented small and medium enterprises went bankrupt, the consumption and investment expectation are generally reduced. China’s economy is open, the dependence on exports is high, so the export had promoted rapid economic growth over a period, but the crisis resulted in less external demand, so that China s economic growth slowed down to its lowest level of the latest seven years. In response to the impact of the recent financial turmoil, the Chinese government has introduced a proactive fiscal policy and loose monetary policy, aiming at the transformation of economic growth, the expansion of domestic demand on a strategic perspective as a way to overcome this crisis, in order to create the policy environment for China s economy sustainable development.