경영환경, 경쟁전략과 물류관리시스템이 물류성과에 미치는 영향

Impacts of Business Environment, Competitive Strategy and Logistics Management System on Logistics Performance

본 연구는 구조적 상황이론에서 경쟁전략 변수가 중요하며 이에 따라 경영환경, 경쟁전략 및 물류관리 시스템 간의 적합성이 기업의 물류성과에 주는 함의를 연구하여 물류성과를 극대화하기 위한 정책 수립시에 합리적인 지침을 제시하고자 하는 것이 주된 목적이다. 실증분석결과, 물류성과를 극대화하기 위해 환경적합성과 물류관리시스템적합성을 균형 있게 관리하는 것이 물류성과를 극대화하기 위한 선결과제이나 이러한 조화가 달성되지 않는 경우는 먼저 경쟁전략과 물류관리시스템 간의 적합성을 통해 환경에 대한 적응력을 갖는 물류관리시스템적합성을 달성한 후에 환경적합성이 달성될 때, 물류성과가 극대화 될 수 있다는 연구결과를 보이고 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 전략의 수립․실행만을 관심의 대상으로 하고있는 물류경영실무에 대해서도 물류관리시스템 변수에 대한 명시적인 고려가 필요함을 시사해 주며, 아울러 전략실행의 문제를 배제하고 있는 물류경영실무에 대해서도 성과 함의를 분석하기 위해서는 환경에 적합한 전략의 선택에 관한 문제를 고려할 필요가 있음을 제시하였다는데 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

This paper investigates the relationships among business environment, competitive strategy and logistics management system, and suggests logistics strategies that would help achieving the logistics goals. Being inconsistent with the previous studies, it is not enough to pursue fit between business environment and logistics strategy or logistics strategy and logistics management system separately. Instead of this, this study found that it is necessary to achieve the fit among these three variables in order to achieve a better logistics goals, and this logical suggestion is a critical contribution which is contrary to the previous studies. This study use the Korean listed firms as a research sample. Once the firm agreed to participate, researcher have visited logistics divisional managers within the firm to administer the questionnaires. The questionnaires are primarily designed to collect information about the independent and dependent variables. However, an opportunity to interview many of the leading authorities in logistics management system also provided an excellent opportunity to gather additional insight into the logistics management systems. A total of 500 questionnaires were sent out on January, 2009. 236 valid responses have been collected. The findings can suggest for logistics strategies setting as followings. Firms with high harmony between environmental adaptation and logistics management system fit were significantly better in the logistics performance than firms with low harmony. Unless the harmonization is achieved, it is primarily required to reach the logistics management system fit which has the applicability to the environment with the adaptation between competitive strategy and logistics management system. Then the environmental adaptation is achieved and the logistical performance can be maximized.