中国延边旅游人力资源现状及开发对策

Countermeasure of Development and Status of Human Resources in China Yanbian Tourism

旅游业的持续快速发展以及国外旅游企业的全方位进入，将对中国旅游人力资源开发与管理 带来极大的冲击。近年来延边旅游业迅猛发展，旅游业对人力资源的需求急剧膨胀，但是，旅 游人力资源的开发与管理的相对滞后，严重制约着延边旅游业的发展，需要迅速加以解决。因 此，本文首先阐述了延边旅游人力资源的现状，分析了旅游人力资源开发与管理中存在的问 题，发现了延边旅游人力资源总量相对不足，人才培养滞后于市场需求；整体素质及层次偏 低；旅游及酒店管理专业人才匮乏；培训工作落后，不能满足旅游业的需求；缺乏有效的激励 机制，人员流动频繁；从业人员服务意识薄弱。然后，构建了延边旅游业“三位一体”人力资源开 发与管理模式。最后，提出了树立正确的旅游人才观念、充分发挥地方政府和旅游行政管理部 门的指导作用、完善和加强旅游人力资源培训、改善延边旅游教育体系、建立完善的人才使用 和激励机制、强化旅游企业员工职业生涯管理等6个方面提出了切实可行的对策和措施，为延边 旅游企业人力资源的科学发展提供理论与实践。鉴。

With the development of Yanbian tourism and entering from all directions of foreign enterprises, which will have a great impact on the development and management of tourism human resources in China. As Yanbian tourism develops rapidly in recent years, the demand for tourism human resources has a rapid expansion. However, the development and management of human resources is relatively backward, which has seriously limited the development of Yanbian tourism and needs to be solved as soon as possible. Therefore, this paper elaborates the human resources of Yanbian, analyses the problems about the development and management of human resources, and then finds that the total quantity of Yanbian human resources is insufficient, whose personnel training has a great gap compared with its market demand；its quality and level as a whole is somewhat low； professionals of tourism and hotel management are deficient；training work falls behind, which can not satisfy the tourism demand；incentive mechanism is on shortage, which leads to a frequent flow of personnel；employees have a weak sense of service. Then, it constructed a “Trinity” pattern of human resources development and management in Yanbian tourism. This paper puts forward practical countermeasure and measures from 6 aspects of establishing the correct concept of tourism talents, letting local governments and tourism administration departments play a leading role sufficiently, improving and strengthening the tourism human resources training, improving Yanbian tourism education system, building perfect talent and incentive mechanism, strengthening the occupation career management of tourism enterprise employee and so on, which provides theoretic and practical reference for the scientific development of human resources in Yanbian.