우리나라 다자원조정책에 대한 비판적 고찰

A Study on Korea s Multilateral ODA Policy

In general, multilateral ODA includes both assessed and voluntary un-earmarked contributions made to a recipient institution that is an international agency, institution or organisation whose members are governments. Korea s multilateral ODA in net disbursements increased from USD 121 million in 2003 to USD 236 million in 2009. Korea disbursed 28.9% of its aid through multilateral channels. Much of the increase was due to a large contribution and subscriptions to Multilateral Development Banks(MDBs). Korea s core contributions to UN amounted to USD 56 million in 2009. Recent internatinal trends indicate a decrease in the core multilateral funding of UN Funds and Programmes and an increase in funding to the Global Fund, while non-core funding is rarely implemented by Korean government. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT) is mainly reponsible for contributions to international organisations such as the UN, while the ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF) is in charge of subscriptions and contributions to MDBs The responsibility of Korea s multilateral ODA is also shared among relevant ministries and government agencies. According to the special review of Korea by OECD DAC, it is not unusual for the responsibility for multilateral aid to be split, the spread of funding across more than 20 different ministries is exceptional and could be addressed. At present, Korea has no single strategy document for its overall policy and engagement with multilaterals. In efforts to increase effective engagement with the multilaterals, Korea was an observer in the Multilateral Organisations Performance Assessment Network (MOPAN) from 2008. To optimize the synergy of bilateral and multilateral aid, Korea need to use the flexible implementation structures of international organsations and to increase non-core funding. Multilateral system must be strengthened to reduce significantly the number of organsations that are funded. Futher, it would be advisable that engagement is prioritised for multilateral institutions and multilateral partners should be carefully selected with a single strategy for its overall policy.