아시아․아프리카의 행정개혁

Characterizing Administrative reforms in Asia and Africa - Planned Versus Organic Reform -

The purpose of this study is to give an overview on the state of the art of administrative reforms undertaken in countries in Africa and Asia. Despite that the number of countries in these regions is over half of the total number of countries in the world, little scholarly attention has been paid to the reforms that these regions have experienced. First, this paper attempts to elaborate a typology of socio, politico, and economic situations of these countries, which is a pre-requisite for further comparative research. Second, this paper points out some weakness of the administrative reforms. For instance, countries that have long royal histories and traditions have problems introducing western style administrative reforms, such as New Public Management, which can be characterized as planned reform. This kind of planned reform turned out to be a failure in almost all countries, mainly due to a lack of political democratization and market principled economies. This paper proposes instead an organic reform pattern which will take advantage of the imbedded characteristics of the country. For example, the Korean case mixed authoritarian and strong bureaucracy with western inspired reforms.