박해받는 자의 영성과 수행을 통한 치유

Spirituality of the Persecuted and Healing through Religious Practice : The Role of Ṭarīqa for Spiritual Restoration

Muslims underwent a spiritual crisis caused by the brutal conquest of Mongol invaders and their ruthless massacre. Eschatological perceptions of Muslims were well reflected in the wide spread of Shī’ī Muslims’ Mahdī movements. However, charismatic leaders and their enthusiastic followers of Mahdī movements often made severe conflicts with ruling classes. It was the mystical orders of Islam (ṭarīqa) and spiritual masters (ṣūfī shaykh) that led Muslims to restore their religious identity as well as their spiritual strength. Especially, the Naqshbandī order in the Timurid period provided a mystical vision of the world as well as spiritual meaning of Islamic faith, while strengthening its religious authority through the spiritual lineages traced back to the Prophet Muḥammad and his companions. These mystical orders offered new dynamics to overcome spiritual crises and even to enhance religious impacts of Islam.