미르체아 엘리아데의 스펙타콜(Spectacol)론 연구:

A Study of Mircea Eliade’s Spectacol Theory: Focused on the Novel Nouăsprezece trandafiri

본 논문의 목적은 영적인 신화와 상징의 해석자라 불리는 엘리아데의 만년작품에서 상징체계를 연구함으로써 수수께끼와 같은 그의 글쓰기 안에 숨겨진작가의 의도와 작품의 깊이 있는 상징적 의미를 바로 보고자 함이다. 엘리아데는 기억상실증에 걸린 현대인들은 원형의 반복을 통하여 그 원형이 처음으로 계시되었던 신화의 시대로 투사된다고 믿었다. 원시적인 존재론의 양상이 현대적 ‘스펙타콜’의 경험을 통해 가능하다는 의미를 지니게 되는 것이다. 엘리아데의 작품 Nouăsprezece Trandafiri(19송이 장미, 1979)에서 오르페우스 신화, 메타노이아(Metanoia), 19송이 장미는 중의적이고 함축적인 요소들을 내포하고 있으며, 기억과 상기의 양상은 제의적 스펙타콜을 통해서 우주적 대시간과 통합이라는 환상과 실재, 시간의 영원성을 얻는다.

The purpose of this paper is to have a closer look into the author’s intention and the in-depth symbolic meanings of Eliade’s work in his later years who is called an interpreter of spiritual myth and symbols. Eliade believed modern people who are suffering from amnesia repeating archetype. And finally the archtype projects on the mythical age where it was originally born. The facet of primitive ontology is expressed and translated though modern experience spectacol. The Orpheus myth, Metanoia, and Nineteen roses in the Eliade’s later work in his life Nineteen Roses contains ambiguous and implicative elements. The aspect of memory and recall have fantasy and existence of cosmic time, integration, and temporal eternity via ritualistic spectacol. According to Eliade s theory, spectacol has a creative archetypal sacred act. This means that archetype repeats by periods. In the unique structural theorem of Nineteen Roses which comprises 25 chapters, we can discover the archetype. Orpheus myth, a repeating myth in a spectacol discards secular time and leads humanbeings return to mythical age(illud tempus). As the name of these tragedy demonstrate, Eliade identified archetypal structure in Orpheus myth. It reveals sacred myth in human redemption throughout training of remembrance which helps re-create a being that people can approve and people defend themselves from fear of history. In a ritualistic sense of spectacol, Metanoia has the most power of discarding time because in spectacol any past time can be revived in present time. Therefore, readers should be shocked and infuriated because of spectacol. In doing so he believed it is possible to achieve metanoia, overthrow, awakening, and reconsolidation. Ritual spectacol triggers metanoia, so it gives an experience in between human existence and the structure of the cosmos and reconsolidates human as a existential/religious human. In the entire work, the numbers which have a complex meaning of the real world and fantasy world are the most important clue. Eliade gave symbolism to 19 roses as he made an appearance of 19 roses in the first and the last chapter of the piece. The number 13 is the number means regeneration also related with death. 13 was made from a complete number 12 by adding one, and it symbolize start over and revival. According to Eliade, adding one in a circular world represents opening a door to another world. As the message Damian received, this means human who are given the guilty verdict finally free from the historic time and pass the test from God. In addition, roses often appear in Eliade’s fantasy novel. The roses symbolize renewal of Western mental world in the Western mysticism tradition. Renewal involves generate a new essence by cutting off of the present essence.