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Correlation between glucose transporter type-1 expression and 18 F-FDG uptake on PET in oral cancer

Correlation between glucose transporter type-1 expression and 18 F-FDG uptake on PET in oral cancer

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Objectives: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for many human cancers wherein glucose uptake transporter-1 (GLUT-1) acts as a main transporter in the uptake of 18 F-FDG in cancer cells. Increased expression of glucose transporter-1 has been reported in many human cancers. In this study, we investigated the correlation between 18 F-FDG accumulation and expression of GLUT-1 in oral cancer. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 42 patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and malignant salivary gland tumor as confirmed by histology. 42 patients underwent pre-operative 18 F-FDG PET, with the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max ) measured in each case. Immunohistochemical staining was done for each histological specimen, and results were evaluated post-operatively according to the percentage (%) of positive area, intensity, and staining score. Results: For OSCC, SUV max significantly increased as T stage of tumor classification increased. For malignant salivary gland tumor, SUV max significantly increased as T stage of tumor classification increased. For OSCC, GLUT-1 was expressed in all 36 cases. GLUT-1 staining score (GSS) increased as T stage of tumor classification increased, with the difference statistically significant. For malignant salivary gland tumor, GLUT-1 expression was observed in all 6 cases; average GSS was significantly higher in patients with cervical lymph node metastasis than that in patients without cervical lymph node metastasis. Average GSS was higher in OSCC (11.11±1.75) than in malignant salivary gland tumor (5.33±3.50). No statistically significant correlation between GSS and SUV max was observed in OSCC or in malignant salivary gland tumor. Conclusion: We found no statistically significant correlation between GSS and SUV max in OSCC or in malignant salivary gland tumor. Studies on the various uses of GLUT during 18 F-FDG uptake and SUV and GLUT as tumor prognosis factor need to be conducted through further investigation with large samples.

I. Introduction

II. Materials and Methods

III. Results

IV. Discussion

V. Conclusion

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