Recommendations for the Development of COUNTERTERRORISM Policy in KOREA

As Korea is the only divided nation in the world, it can be said that Korea has been maintaining a little negative attitude toward terrorism while considering the military preparedness against North Korea and prevention of war provocation. However, with the 9/11, the government and all citizens made it possible for the nation to recognize that there was not a safe country for terrorism. Moreover, since the French terrorist attacks, countries have been more alert to terrorist groups like the Islamic States (IS) In Korea, the controversy over the enactment of the Anti-Terror Law has been raised, but some people have raised public opinion that anti-terrorism measures should be prepared as soon as we are not a safe zone of terrorism. In the 19th National Assembly, a bill called Anti-Terrorism Act for the Protection of the People and Public Safety was initiated in the 19th National Assembly, and the enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act was concluded with the enactment of Law No. 14071 on March 3, On March 3, 2016, the Anti-Terrorism Act for National Protection and Public Safety was enacted and promulgated, followed by the State Planning Office and the National Intelligence Service, which enacted the Law on Terrorism for National Protection and Public Safety The enforcement decree was enacted on June 4, 2016. The enactment of the Anti-Terrorism Act , which has been controversial in the meantime, has great significance in terms of securing the legitimacy of counterterrorism administration and establishing and enforcing related laws that directly and uniformly regulate terrorism. However, there are a few things to consider in terms of complementary aspects. Since the Law on the Prevention of Terrorism for Public Protection and Public Security, which was promulgated on March 3, 2016, was accompanied by political and social controversy during the legislative process, it is expected that there will be a lot of controversy in the future operation of law and enforcement ordinance have. It is also pointed out some legislative problems as it fails to legislate all of the important issues contained in existing legislative initiatives. The Act on the Prevention of Terrorism for the Protection of the Public and the Public Security, known as Anti-Terrorism Act, is a law to prevent terrorism as it is, and it is true that such a law is necessary because the Republic of Korea is on the list of designated target by IS. However, it is hard to say that the controversy has subsided. Moreover, it has growing concern on three parts of the law: (i) the authority of the National Intelligence Service expanded excessively in the name of counterterrorism; (ii) military operations against civilians which are restricted in case of exercise of National Emergency Right on Constitution; and (iii) overly comprehensive and unclear definition of authority and organization of Center for Counterterrorism. From this point of view, this article is intended to analyze the changes caused by the enactment of Anti-Terror Law and the direction of future counterterrorism policy development.