世界大恐慌期의 日本財政政策과 財政의 軍事化

Japan s Financial Policy in the Age of Great Depression and the Militarization of Finance

After the Manchurian Incident in 1931, Japan established a financial expansion policy which aimed the escape from the economic depression and the Chinese aggressive war. Inukai government s policy for business recovery obtained good results, but Japan was faced with many problems with the excessive military expenditures, arising of fascism and increasing of friction with the other powers in the world trade. The Japan s finance in the 1930 s underwent a great change together with the socioeconomic upheavels. The course of this change was very complicate being involved confrontations among various classes. For example, the government severely quarreled with the military about the budget problem every year. However, the result was that the budget always assumed the complete reflection of the military opinion. Many finance ministers were schuffled during that time, but the increase of military expenditures was usually admitted. Since 1936, Japan s finance was engrossed in the expansion of war with the military policy at that time. And there was fundamental agreement between business and the military on an imperialist policy. The questions with finance authorities were only to compose the budget following the intention of the military and how to consumer usefully the enormous military expenditures. The only role of finance was the technical cooperation for war. However, the result was that this technique was meaningless under the condition that the national economy itself was being destroyed.