간접흡연의 정량적 노출측정 방법의 고찰

Review of Various Quantitative Methods to Measure Secondhand Srnoke

Secondhand smoke (SHS) is one of major public health threats. Since secondhand smoke is complex rnixture of toxic chernicals, there has been no standardized method to mεasure SHS quantitative1y. The purpose of this manuscript was to review various quantitative methods to measure SHS. There are two different methods: air monitoring and biological monitoring. Air monitoring methods inc1ude exhaled carbon monoxide level, ambient fine particulates, nicotine and 3-ethenylpyridine. Measurement of fine p때iculates has been utilized due to presence of re-time monitor, while fine particulates can have multiple indoor sources other than SHS. Ambient nicotine and 3-EP are more specific to SHS, although there is no real-time monitor for these chernicals. Biological monitoring methods inc1ude nicotine in hair, cotinine in urine, NNK in urine and DNA adducts. Nicotine in hair can provide chronic intemal dose, while cotinine in urine C provide acute dose. Sincε biological monitoring can provide total intemal dose, identification of specific exposure source may be difficult. NNK in urine can indicate carcinogenicity of the SHS exposure. DNA adduc can provide over cancer causing exposure, but not specific to SHS. While there are many quantitative methods to measure SHS, sεIection of appropriate method should be based on purposes of assessment. Application of accurate and appropriate exposure assessment method is important for understanding health effects and establishing appropriate control measures.