多國籍企業組織의 特質에 관한 硏究

A Study on the Characteristics of the Organization in Multi-National Corporation

Frequent international economic exchanges among the nations, regardless of different political ideologies and economic patterns or levels of development, have recently brought forth so-called multinational enterprises. Such a form of international business extends its area of transaction from the domestic boundary to the international markets in pursuit of the utmost profit. The international enterprise is actually a foreign extension of the domestic business, but there are various theories as to the concept of multinational corporation. Therefore, special emphasis has been put on the unification of different concepts and on the effective organization to carry out its domestic and international intentions. The way to improve the organization has been suggested through observing its characteristics and processes of development. Although it is still very difficult to define the concept of multi-national firms applicable to all the cases, it can be attempted to define them as those corporations that manage their branches and have established their factories in more than two countries at least. From the study of their characteristics, the following programs are suggested for the improvement of multi-national enterprises. Firstly, the head company and the foreign managers should drive the organization of the enterprise toward an adaptability to the complex and various environments of the country concerned. Secondly, a wider dispersion of authority is required for overcoming the environmental shortenings. Thirdly, a fuller utilization of the staff function is recommended. And fourthly, the organization should have elasticity of adoptation. Modern times is the age of multi-national enterprise. Korea also has become an active member of the Multi-national Enterprise Committee under the umbrella of the Economic and Social Council of the U.N. And the future will surely witness most of the manufacturing businesses ruled by the multi-national organization. Therefore, the system of multi-national enterprise should regard the world as a single market, and its management pattern also should be revitalized in order to cope with the changing international business activities more effectively.