마을기업의 실태와 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

A Study on the Current Status and Measures for Facilitating Community Enterprises : With Emphasis on Job Creation and Busan Area

Community enterprise promotion project being pushed ahead by the MOSPA (Ministry of Security and Public Administration), has played a key role in creating locally tailored jobs that have taken the economic, social, and cultural environment of the region into consideration, and revitalizing the local economy. By providing the local residents and socio-economically disadvantaged individuals with relatively easy jobs, community enterprises can contribute significantly towards stabilizing their living conditions and stimulating the local economy. The purpose of this study is to propose the possibility that community enterprises can become an important part of the job creation policy, and suggest measures to facilitate them through an investigation of the current status of the community enterprises in Busan. Results from the status survey show a decline in the amount of equity invested, out-of-pocket payment, and the number of members but an increase in the debt level in 2013, compared to 2011. Accordingly, it is important to set a target ratio of out-of-pocket money with an aim to reach the goal in the next few years, and develop a policy designed to increase it gradually every year. It is also essential to improve the performance of the community business by strengthening its operational efficiency through an increase in the number of local residents, the amount of equity invested, and investment ratio. Moreover, it is crucial to establish a financial market specifically for the community enterprises to help keep their operating environment from getting worse due to the increased debt load. Various measures have been suggested for developing a viable plan to protect and strengthen their business as community enterprises are expected to operate independently and have full discretion in making employment decisions when the 2-year subsidy program comes to an end. This study is meaningful in and of itself as it can help lay the foundation for existing studies on community enterprises which provided no useful information to derive any valid conclusions to date.