1798년(나폴레옹 침입) 이후 현대 이집트 기독교도의 상황에 대한 연구 -콥트를 중심으로-

A Study on the Modern Egyptian Christian’s Situation since 1798 (Napoleon’s Invasion) -Focus on Copts-

This paper explores the history, present and future of Egyptian Christians in modern Egypt. Most Egyptian Christians are called Copts, referring to native Christians in Egypt. A major part of this paper is focused on Copts. This paper is divided into three parts according to modern Egyptian history: monarchy era, republican era, and the recent period after the January 25, 2011 revolution. After Napoleon invaded Egypt in 1798, Western systems and culture flew into Egypt. This change in the society stimulated the Christians in the Islam society, which made them dissatisfied with the role of ‘Dhimmi’ who were regarded as second-class citizens. The Christians turned into a part of the leading force in the transformation of Egyptian society with Muslims and were equally treated as Muslims but at a superficial level. Nevertheless, Egyptian Christians have changed a lot according to who the ruler is or what the political system is. This paper analyzes the situation of modern Egyptian Christians according to the political changes including the history of Christianity in Egypt and the relationship between Egyptian government and Egyptian Christianity. The purpose of this paper is to see their current situation and future among Muslims who are the majority in Egyptian society. The conclusion of this paper is that, although the current situation of Egyptian Christians is not favorable, they will adapt according to variously changing situations and survive, as they had existed for a long time as a minority group.