한ㆍ미ㆍ일 축산물 생산비 및 산출방법 비교분석

Comparative Analysis of Costs of Livestock Production

Approaches on CAR(cost and return) or production cost estimates in agriculture vary by country and organization. Differences between approaches stem from the varying purposes for which the information is to be used and the amount and type of data available for determining costs of production. This study pursued to set the standard type of production cost table in order to compare Korea, U.S., and Japan s data easily. Each country s production costs of livestock were reclassified for international comparison. The cost items adopted by all countries were reused as they were. Fixed capital cost was newly established mainly because of an U.S. cost item, capital recovery. Some items such as insemination, general farm over head, etc. were coordinated into appropriate items. Japan s production costs of milk and hog were almost twice as much as U.S. and Korea s. Feed cost was the number one in each country and each commodity. Feed and livestock(feeder pigs) costs captured 80% of all Korea s production costs of hog. And feed cost was 53% of all Korea s production costs of milk. To decrease feed cost through enhancing self-supply of grains and forages could be the key strategy to increase competitiveness of Korea s livestock industry. This study discussed revision of analysis method of Korea s production costs. Change of valuation method of fixed capital goods, creation of interest on receipts, simplification of calculation method of opportunity cost of land, actualization of interest rate, and the like were suggested.