시장개방 과정에서 효율적 소득재분배 정책의 모색

In Search of Efficient Income Redistribution Policy in the Process of Market Opening : With an Emphasis on Agriculture

This paper explores efficient income redistribution policies to compensate for producers income loss resulting from market opening by examining the current import tariff and feasible policy alternatives, under the assumption that tariffs on the imported agricultural products will be completely eliminated. Theoretical analysis is conducted to assess the efficiencies of the policies under consideration along with an empirical study within the surplus transformation curve framework. The current import tariff used to protect agricultural sector proves to be very inefficient as was expected. The result, however, shows that three alterative policies - consumption tax, production subsidy, lump-sum transfer - with import tariff eliminated are highly efficient, which are assumed to be introduced to make up for farmers income loss caused by market opening. Furthermore, this study confirms that even Pareto-improving state could be theoretically possible with these policy alternatives when import tariff is eliminated. This implies that there exists some ways that the farmers income loss from import liberalization can be fully compensated without making any other groups worse off.