필리핀의 토지개혁과 농업현대화 정책의 전개와 한계

Extension and Limits of Land Reform and Agricultural Modernization Policy in Philippines

A passive land reform based on the tenant legislation has been performed in the Republic of the Philippines since she was transferred from the Spanish colony to America one. It was not until the advent of Marcos that Philippines executed her aggressive land reform, which has made it possible to establish self-operated farming system since 1986. She has exerted herself to remove the unequal relationship between the landlords and tenants which is subject to Spanish feudalism and furthermore to establish the rural community for a self-operated farmer. Especially, it is one of remarkable phenomena in land reform that she has accomplished the distribution of farmland equal to 88% of a land reform owning the maximum 5ha farmland per household by her aggressive reform policy for about 35years from 1972 until 2006. On the other hand, this kind of Philippine land reform for rural modernization enabled her achieve the conspicuous economic development leading to her food self-support and food export in the face of the limitations of Philippine agriculture.