고려시대 차산지와 공납차(貢納茶) 생산에 관한 一考

A Study on Goryeo Tea Production Areas and the Production of Tributary Tea

In Korea s history, the tea culture flourished the most during the Goryeo dynasty. Tea was used a great deal, but few records of it remain. With regard to the tea which was heavily consumed during this flourishing Goryeo tea culture, this study sought to reveal the tea production areas and the types of tea produced. Goryeo imposed taxes according to the Gun and Hyun (counties and provinces), thereby creating the taxation ledgers known as Gongan, and required the tea production to be shared by villages within such administrative units. In addition, Goryeo implemented the Bugokjedo (a lower administrative unit classification system) within such Gun and Hyeon, where there were the Daso (tea specialist production villages). Based on the early Joseon Jiriji Geographical Records, there were 35 tea production areas during the Goryeo era, four of which had 17 Daso, whereas most of the other records did not mention the presence of Daso. Also, tributary tea was produced according to the state system by mobilizing villages workers. Based on the tea production view of Hwagae, as described in Yi Gyu-bo s poem in the mid-Goryeo period, it is presumed that Goryeo produced tea not only in Daso, but also in Bugok areas by mobilizing workers. The tea produced was transported by mobilized workers to the royal household or to the various central government offices. This study estimated the Goryeo tea production areas and provides an outline of the system of production and transportation of tributary tea and its supply to the government. In addition, we reexamined the prejudice against the tea produced in the Daso during the Goryeo period.