동종골 이식 : 병리학적 고찰

Allogeneic bone grafting : review of pathologic basis

Bone is one of the most frequently transplanted tissues in the maxillofacial area used to repair bone defects and fill bone cavities. Fresh autologous bone is the most effective material for the most clinical situations. However the autografts are obtained at a cost to the patient and is also limited in size, shape, and the type of material that can be obtained. Allogeneic bone grafts have been employed as the most common substitute to autografts. But allografts may encounter immunologic complication and may eventually fail of immunologic rejection. So, numerous researches have devoted to finding the way of processing allogeneic bone grafts which is both immunogenicity inert and osteogenically active. The final assessment of the biologic properties of the processed bone grafts in the aspects of their osteogenicity and immunogenicity needs to depend principally upon the pathological examination of the transplanted bone grafts with well-controlled animal experiments. This paper will introduce some basic knowledge on the structure and formation of the bone, as well as the pathology of bone grafting which are concerned with the assessment and understand of the effect of processing, banking of bone grafts ans the possible result of their clinical uses performed in WonKwang Bone Bank and Research Institute.