골유착성 임프란트의 유한요소법적 응력분석

Finite element analysis of osseointegrated implant

This study was to analyze the stress distribution of implant and supporting tissue in osseointegrated implants. The analysis has been conducted by using the finite element method. The models used in the experiment were natural tooth, screw type implant, stress absorbing type implant, and hollow cylinder type implant. Two kinds of load case were applied; 1) Perpendicular on occlusal surface 2) Forty five degree on occlusal surface. Material property, geometry, and load conditions of each medel were inputed to the two dimensional finite element program and stresses and displacements were analyzed. The results obtained from this study were as follows; A maximum stress can be seen at core of stress absorbing element implant. SAE type seemed to be poorer distribution of stress than natural tooth model because it had concentration of stress at cervix, but it was contributed to uniform stress distribution at apical region. Stress absorbing element in this study may function as a damping element but not as a stress-distributor. There was a little concentration of stress at the cervix of screw and hollow type implant. But they seems useful to clinical application, because relatively showed uniform distribution of stress overall. It seemed that stress of supporting bony sissues had distributed through the cortex of alveolar bone. These results suggest that we should give to the implant the stress absorbing function like periodontal ligament of the natural tooth.