솔과 식물 종실유의 지방산 조성

Fatty Acid Compositions of Some Seed Oils from the Pinaceae Family

Levels of total lipids in the seeds of three species of the pinaceae family were determined and their fatty acid compositions were also analyzed by a gas-chromatograph equipped with a capillary column coated with Carbowax 20M. The results are summarized as follows: Lipid contents of the seeds amounted to 56.9% in P. koraiensis, 29.9% in P. thunbergii, and 21.2% in P. rigida. In all lipids 19~20 fatty acid were detected and, suprisingly, fatty acids having Δ5-non-methylene interrupted conjugate double bond such as Δ5,9-C18:2,Δ5, 9,12-C18:3 and Δ5,11,14-C20:3 occurred in appreciable amounts. In the lipids of P. koraiensis, the main component was C18:2ω6(45.0%), followed by C18:1ω9(26.9%) and Δ5,9,12-C18:3(14.6%), and then Δ5,9-C18:2(2.2%) and Δ5,11,14-C20:3 were also present. Levels of saturated fatty acid such as C16:0 and C18:0 were as low as 7.5%. The seed oil of P. thunbergii predominantly comprised C18:2ω6(45.2%), and was then occupied by equal amounts Δ5,9,12-C18:3(18.1%) and C18:1}ω9(18.1%). Its Δ5,11,14-C20:3(5.8%) level was the highest in the samples tested. Δ5,9-C18:2(2.8%) was also detected with other minor components. In the oils from the seeds of P. rigida, C18:2ω6 was present as a main component, accompanied by C18:1}ω9(21.6%) and Δ5,9,12-C18:3(2O.3%). The latter showed higher level than in any other samples. A minor component corresponding to Δ5,9,12,15-C18:4(not confirmed by GC-Mass) occurred in P. thunbergii and P. rigida.