Nutrigenomics과 제2형 당뇨병

Nutrigenomics is a new terminology in combination with nutrition and genomics. The goals of nutrigenomics is to identify and characterize gene variants associated or responsible for differential responses to nutritional factors, to discover dietary target genes and modulate their expression to elucidate the regulatory pathways, and to provide the rationale for recommendations regarding the risks and benefits of a particular diet and dietary components based on the individuars genetic makeup. Nutrigenomics can be studied by genetic variants and gene expression. Genetic variants is to find the susceptible genotypes of certain proteins to induce metabolic syndrome such as Apo E, PPAR~ y and IRS1. Since the susceptible genes were differently regulated by diets, further studies needed to examine the relationship between genotypes of susceptible genes and diets to reduce the prevalence of diseases. However, gene variants cannot explain the association of genes and nutrition since some gene variants did not affect the prevalence of diseases. Induction or or suppressiono f gene expression is important factor for nutrigenomics. PPAR-y agonist can reduce diabetic symptoms by increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. IRS2 induction can improve diabetic symptoms by enhancing insulinotropic actions such as glucose- stimulated insulin secretion and 6 -cell proliferation and survival. Nutrigenomics is applied to the discovery of dietary target genes and susceptible genotypes and to the investigation of modulation of target gene expression. Nutrigenomics is used to the elucidation of the regulatory pathways involved in homeostasis. These studies play an important roles in providing the rationale for recommendations regarding the risks and benefits of a particular diet and dietary components.