중국 법학교육과 법조인양성체제에 관한 연구

Rudimentary Research on Judicial Officer Training System of the Department of Law Education of China -With the Juris Master (JM) Program as the Center Figure -

China has enforced a Juris Master (JM) program which is slightly changed to their actual situation by inducing the US Law School since 1996 as a link to judicial service market opening, business law specialist training, and reforming judicial systems depending on preparations for joining the WTO. Universities that first received the approval for establishing the JM program increased every year from 8 schools including Peking University and Renmin University of China. Now at this point of the end of 2005, there are almost 50 schools in all. However, unlike the US, China maintains the department of law in the university course, and continues the masters, doctor s degree course of law in the graduate school course for training scientific juridical specialists separate from the JM which entrance qualification is given only to those that did not major in law. Also, unlike Japan or Korea which abolishes bar examination as law schools are induced, the country is newly creating and enforcing an exam combining attorney, judicial officer, and prosecutor exams in 2002. You must pass the exam to become a starting attorney, judicial officer or prosecutor, but laws were made that one must obtain over a master s degree in law in order to be promoted to over middle class judicial officers. So a coexistence and connection between the JM and bar examination were created. China s precedent of developing mutually contradicted, overlapped law education and judicial officer training system as pluralism of policies is considered to be helpful to Korea which is about to induce, almost copy Japan s law school system and even procedures of changing to law schools, number of exclusive instructors, law school authorization, and concurrent bar examination and law schools.