도농간 인구이동에 따른 실업비용

Urban and Rural Migrations and Social Costs of Unemployment

The present study concerns on the impact of unemployment differentials between urban and rural regimes on social costs of unemployment. With a two-regime switching regression model that is free from migration selection bias, we construct a methodology to estimate the aggregate costs caused by urban and rural migrations. Combining the 1995 census with several area data, we construct two models (migration and employment opportunity) to calculate hypothetical employment opportunities in urban and rural areas. We found that the total cost per annum caused by urban and rural migrations is more than 56 billion Won, which implies that sustaining rural economic viability may save the money otherwise wasted. The present study concludes with suggestions for refining and developing the methodology to enhance the use of rural resources not fully utilized before.