«Страна синих рек и зеленых гор». Главные природные символы

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the key concepts in the culture of Korea, as mountains and water, and also the description of their major symbolic meanings. The Country of the Blue Rivers and the Green Mountains is the poetic name of Korea. In the Korean figurative system from all landscape elements the absolute preference is given to mountains and water. This is determined by the peculiarities of the natural habitat of Koreans: a large part of the territory of Korea falls on the highlands. In Korean tradition, mountain and water landscapes are often associated with notions of beauty. Drawing upon the ancient idea that everything in the universe is made up of interrelated opposites (ûm-yang), the characteristics of mountains and water represent nature’s diversity—mountains are unmoving, hard, and solid, while water is fluid, soft, cool, and dark. Many works of literature use symbols to represent different ideas. Among them that are commonly used are mountains and water. Mountains and rivers, as part of the relief, in many works of literature are involved in the modeling of space and time within the year, day, displaying seasonal changes of nature. Mountains become symbols of greatness, eternity and immutability. Water is a viable symbol because it is versatile. It can be used to represent many different ideals because water in itself is ever changing. Water is used in many works to represent such ideals as life, love, purity, holiness, and so on. Mountains and water are the standard by which high moral qualities (compassion, reliability, etc.), various psychological states (flow, waves), social behavior (a rock, Mount Tai), and man s place in the society, his/her looks (a river, eyes - an autumn wave, eyebrows – ridges) can be measured, etc.Mountains and rivers are the boundaries between the world of humans and the natural world, the barrier in the way of crimson dust , a symbol of the madding crowd. Mountains are the benchmark for determining weight, height, size, and quantity of something (Mount Tai). Hydronyms and oronyms (Taishan, Kumgangsan, etc.) are associated with numerous myths, legends, traditions and beliefs, a large amount of idioms, proverbs and sayings are formed with these words. For native speakers of Russian, most of these sayings are the lexical-semantic gaps (lacunas).