Histopathology and Lipofuscin Accumulation of the Ark Shell, Scapharca broughtonii Transplanted to Organotin-polluted Areas

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of organotin compounds on the organ structure of the ark shell, Scapharca broughtonii (Bivalvia: Arcidae). This study was conducted during seven weeks through a field transplantation experiment in one reference area (Ra) and two organotin-polluted areas (Opa) near a shipyard complex. In individuals collected from Opa, structural abnormalities present in the gill filament included hypertrophy of lateral epithelial layer, exfoliation of apical cilia and terminal clubbing. The mantle showed exfoliation of striated border in the individual collected from Opa. Some of the samples also illustrated atrophy of mucous cells and degeneration of connective tissue. Exfoliation of epithelial layer, and degenerations in collagen and muscular fibers were observed in the foot. In the digestive glands of individuals from Opa, the tubule epithelium exhibited hypertrophy, and there was a reduction in stain affinity of basophilic cell and increase in vacuoles. Histological degenerations were more prevalent in Opa I in comparison to Opa II. Distribution ratio of lipofuscin in digestive gland was 2.31% in Ra, 25.52% in Opa I and 14.13% in Opa II.