分斷國家의 經濟力 比較와 經濟統合方案

Comparison of economic growth measure of economic integration between two Koreas

This thesis is aimed to derive the consequences following the achievement of the economic developments and differences between South and North Korea by comparative study, and further to present the measures by stage to lead the economic Integration. North Korean economic system is a socialist economic system with the planned economy by centralization of power in which all properties are reverted to state and individual property is denied. The situation of North Korea’s economy is growing from bad to worse due to the shortage of capitals, backward technology, isolation of its own accord. In addition, its social and economic problems appear to have been serious along with the increase of deviation status from North’s society, hunger, offenses and others due to the serious economic difficulties and contradiction in its system. North Korea was known to have made the minus growth in its economic development since 9 year ago, as of December 1998. Its negative growth was partly because there were various developments of the collapse of Soviet Union and Eastern European states in communist bloc as well as the results of natural disasters, but partly because such basic adverse factors were attributed mainly to the structural contradiction in planned economic system than anything else. The analysis by comparison of the gap of economic powers between North and South Korea indicates that South Korea maintains a superior position in the economic competitiveness in fields such that GNP of South is a 24.7 times of as larges as North, per capital income 12.8 times, trade volumes a 129.4 times, export a 151.3 times, the capacity of auto production a 125.5 times, shipbuilding capacity a 36.3 times, and power out a 11.6 times. By contrast with South, it was analyzed that such a backward gap of North’s economy was due mainly to have been originated from the fact that the social economic system under the absolute sovereign doctrines of such thought would result in a distorted social structure in contradiction. Accordingly, all the necessities of life in North have been fully and uniformly controled by a principle based on the collectivism in order to maintain North’s own social system than for the pursuit of individual happiness. On the above situation and premises, the 7 measure by stages for bringing the economic integration can be presented as : The 1st stage is to execute a simple exchange of goods and trade by horizontal division of labors ; the 2nd stage, the vertical international specialization ; the 3rd stage, capital transactions and joint investment including cooperation in technology ; the 4th stage, mapping out of joint policy for two Koreas ; the 5th stage, establishment of the fixed foreign exchange rate system and common including financial and monetary policy ; the 6th stage, the creation of unitary currency for economic integration ; and the final 7th stage, the formulation of the unitary economic bloc and itc. It is expected that the unification of the two Koreas can be easily achieved in view of economic points if the above measure by stages be adopted and realized. In considering the case of the German unification, however, aimed such executions of stages in progress, it is expected that the issues and the required countermeasures, as to the conflicts from property rights, enterprise, employment and wages, price mechanism, dwelling houses, daily life as a consumer and countermeasures, will be raised. Furthermore. we may not avoid the social and economic conflicts worse than those Germany experienced, unless we are patient with the consorted efforts for a long time, since North has special socialist economic system that is closely linked with each other between its defense policy mechanism and political & power system. Therefore, It is essential that we shall study the possible measure of the system shift by North in every respects so as to enable it to adopt and realize successfully the privatization