일본 기업집단의 형성과 호혜거래에 관한 연구

A Study on the Formation of Japanese Business Groups and Mutual Transactions

The basic function of matual transaction is to have incentives that it makes possible the companies have the stable maintenance and extension of markets which can be realized only by high costs. However, the chance of each independent companies to have matual transaction is not only limited to the range but also difficult to realize in actually. Therefore after the war, the big companies in japan formed business groups to cooperate through matual transaction on the purpose that matual transaction will establish each dominant marketing positions laying the nucleus on the bank and general trading companies. As matual transaction is very effective, it is used as the mechanism which will extend beyond the business group based on the business group. The bank and general trading companies were major roles to extend externals of business group. Moreover, matual transaction competitively made competitive companies form business groups by extending matual transaction to out of the business groups from preceding business groups. As a result, six large business groups formed in japan. However, matual transaction in the business groups has rapidly decreased this year and became meager level. It brought collapse or decline of business groups. It is also expected that matual transaction of business groups will steadily decrease from now. such changes will change business groups to more open-markets.