지역사회내 교정처우 프로그램의 효과성 분석에 관한 연구

The effectiveness of community-based correction programs

지역사회내 교정처우 프로그램은 현재와 같은 범죄자들에 대한 통제 프로그램으로서가 아니라, 범죄자들이 지역사회내로 통합하는 데에 필요한 서비스를 제공해 주는, 지역사회와 범죄자 개인간의 매개 프로그램으로서 기능해야 한다. 따라서 본 여구는 지역사회내 교정처우 프로그램의 목적이 달성되고 있는지를 분석함으로써 지역사회내 교정처우 프로그램의 효과성을 평가하는 한편, 범죄자들이 지역사회내 교정처우 프로그램을 통하여 지역사회로 통합하고자 하는 노력을 저해하거나 혹은 촉진하는 요인, 즉 지역사회 내 교정처우 프로그램 효과성의저해 혹은 촉진 요인이 무엇인가를 밝혀보고자한다.

Community-based corrections can not be considered as a real community program, because they have not been well established in terms of concept and definition on community and its goals. In the points of their philosophy and value, the primary function that the community-based corrections have been supposed to implement is intermediary one between offenders and the resources and services which already exist in their own community. One of primary purposes of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the community-based corrections program. This purpose can be accomplished through identifying the goals which the community-based correctional programs have focused on and of which it has been in pursuit. In the field of corrections, conventional approaches to program effectiveness evaluation have had adopted the notion that the most essential goal of the community-based corrections is reducing the crime rate represented by recidivism. Instead of recidivism, social integration as operationalized by Segal and Aviram is regarded as a more practical goal of the community-based corrections program and a concrete criteria for evaluating its effectiveness. The results of this study suggest that under existing programs, the offenders can not be well supported to integrate into their own community. Social integration is a pre-condition to escape from criminality and to achieve rehabilitation. In this point of view, the community-based corrections program should be responsive to community integration. To be a responsive community program, it needs drastic improvements in terms of program participants, the community, and program itself including its staff.